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Need A Few Brain Cells?
by Sandi

Well if you find youself short you may soon be able to just print some new ones.

A PRINTER that spits out ultra-fine droplets of cells instead of ink has been used to print live brain cells without causing them any apparent harm. The technique could open up the possibility of building replacement tissue cell by cell, giving doctors complete control over the tissue they graft.


Posted Tuesday January 31, 2006 | Catagory: (Health/Medicine) | Permalink
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Fight For Medical Ethics In AIDS
by Sandi
Source GNN TV

NIH whistleblower Dr. Jonathan Fishbein discusses how profit and politics rule the day in science and medicine.

But when Fishbein first arrived at the NIH, his attention was on an African drug trial completed in 1999, called HIVNET 012 – a study of the drug Nevirapine in pregnant women in Uganda.

Fishbein learned that the study was deeply flawed, the drug dangerous, and the results had been covered-up. But all of this was an open secret. “The flaws were common knowledge inside the division when I arrived,” Fishbein said. So why hadn’t they been corrected?

Fishbein says that within the Division of AIDS he encountered “a management system guided more by politics than sound science,” and “an atmosphere of intimidation” that made it impossible to properly address and correct the institutional flaws that led to damaged study.

HIVNET 012 focused on finding a use for the troubled AIDS drug Nevirapine. The drug had been around since the early 1990s, and had a bad reputation for toxicity. By 1998 it had earned the FDA’s black-box label, announcing its known toxic potential, including the ability to cause organ failure and bloody skin loss – both of which had resulted in death in patients taking the drug.

So why study a drug for use in poor, rural Africa that is known to be dangerous here? The answers are fairly straightforward: profit, the illusion of progress, and misplaced faith in the purity of big pharma’s humanitarian motives by those who care about poverty and illness in the developing world.

In one of the studies 1998 in Uganda of 645 expectant mothers on either AZT or Nevirapine.

80 percent of mothers exhibited abnormalities.
20 percent rate of "serious adverse events" in newborns.
38 babies died, 16 on Nevirapine and 22 on AZT.

Two weeks after filing his complaint Fishbein was demoted, then fired five days later. After a long battle he was reinstated last December.

This is just the tip of the iceberg in a growing problem with politics and profit in public funding of any area of scientific research.

Please read the whole story. Thanks to Dean's World
for the link.

Posted Monday January 30, 2006 | Catagory: (HIV/AIDS) | Permalink
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Cybersquatting
by Sandi

It's dirt cheap to register a domain name on the Internet. Apparently this has led to a growing number of so-called "cybersquatters." I have heard of this before where people register big names or brands, then demand a lot of money to sell them, but didn't realize that it was this a big problem. Over 8,000 complaints already, with about half from the US.

Anyone can register a domain name on the Internet for a few dollars, which has led to so-called "cybersquatters."

The U.N. arbitration system, which started in 1999, allows those who think they have the right to a domain name to get it back without having to fight a costly legal battle or pay large sums of money. It costs about $1,500 to file a claim at WIPO. The arbitration system cannot award financial penalties.

With the growth of the internet it is natural to assume an increase in Cybersquatters as well. I am a little supprised that while ramsomee can now receive less expensive relief but there is still no risk to the one who does the intentional ramsom.

Posted Thursday January 26, 2006 | Catagory: (General) | Permalink
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Long Bets on Artificial Intelligence
by Sandi

Recently I started reading the book "The Singlularity Is Near" (When humans transcend biology) by Ray Kurzweil. While doing some googling on reverse brain engineering which he talks about I came across the site longbets.org.

Mitchell Kapor, founder of Lotus Development Corporation and the designer of Lotus 1-2-3 issued a challenge at longbets saying that: By 2029 no computer - or "machine intelligence" - will have passed the Turing Test. If you have read much of Kurzweil's writings or books you won't be supprised to see that he has taken Kapor up on the challenge, and disagrees with him.

At stake is $20,000 to their named charities. The test is to be administered by the Long Now Foundation under conditions agreed to by Kurzweil and Kapor.

Because most people intuitively tend to view technological growth in the linear rather than exponential, I was Supprised that voting is running slightly in favor of Ray Kurzweil (presently 177-174). Follow the link above and read the arguements for both sides and leave some comments on your views. There are also many other interesting longshot bets there about future technology that you might find interesting.

Mitchell Kapor's finds it difficult to imagine a computer that can "perform a successful impersonation" of a human (required to pass the Turning Test). His belief is that because we are conscious beings, capable of reflection. That we have cognition and emotion.

Ray Kurzweil concedes that emotional response is the hardest challenge but contends that a "Turing-capable" machine will be possible by reverse engineering the human brain. Or in other words if it is a capability of the human brain, it is a complexity we can master.

Well I hate to be this way but I am going to wuss out on taking sides yet, although my guess is that Dean is solidly behind Kurzweil. It is partially because I haven't finished Kurzweil's book, and partially because I think quallities like cognition, reflection, introspection, emotions like love and fear may be beyond the results of reverse engineering the brain, but that doesn't mean a computer (with enough speed, power and the wealth of most human information) cannot emulate them well enough to fool most humans.

Sure emotions are chemically based and with out a doubt bio-chemicals cause feelings. But I think our consciousness is more than just chemical-neuron reactions. I'm not confident that reverse engineering will allow us to look into whatever the essence of our (maybe hidden) sentient core that gives us conscious perceptions and emotions is.

Also computers process data bit by bit. Humans process data holistically or as Kurzweil says digitally controlled analog "transactions." There is the "Informality of Behaviour" arguement which states that any system governed by laws will be predictable and therefore not truly intelligent. Turing replies by stating that this is confusing laws of behaviour with general rules of conduct. Maybe so as computers are already capable of originality producing music that sounds like Bach.

If we have a pleasant thought chemicals cause us to physically feel good. The physical "feel good" comes from chemicals, but as a result of the thought, not the cause of the thought. But all that aside I think the Turing Test may be passed by a computer by 2029. The unimaginable power and speed of future computing alone may be enough without consciousness to fool the testers. Of course the computer will have to be programed to give false information so as to not divulge that it is a machine.

Posted Wednesday January 25, 2006 | Catagory: (Science & Technology) | Permalink
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Georgia Tries Again on Voter ID
by Sandi

This is similar to legislation passed last year by the Georgia legislature and signed by the governor. Unfortunately however it was block a federal judge, saying that it amounted to a poll tax because voters who didn't already have approved identification would have to pay a $35 fee.

This year's changes waive that fee and give equipment to each of Georgia's 159 counties to issue the cards.

Critics argued Tuesday, as they have since last year, that the plan unfairly impacts the poor, the elderly and minorities, who are less likely to have driver's licenses.

Supporters say the bill is an effort to crack down on voter fraud.

How it will effect the poor, elderly and minorities is unclear especially if as last year they have a mobile office that travels the state to help them sign up.

Still critics find straws to grab like this one that has me scratching my head. "Our civil rights also dictate that we have a right to have our vote count, not disqualified by someone else who votes illegally." So leaving the process wide open for voter fraud to insure that nobody's vote is disqualified is a good thing?

We are having a similar problem in Wisconsin with a voter ID being repeatedly passed, but here the governor Jim Doyle has used his veto to bock the bill. However this year the congress may have the votes to override the veto.

Posted Tuesday January 24, 2006 | Catagory: (Elections) | Permalink
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A Self-Cleaning Bathroom!
by Sandi

I could use one.

Posted Monday January 23, 2006 | Catagory: (Science & Technology) | Permalink
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Teens on the Hot Issues
by Sandi
Source Cron.com (scroll down)

Who says todays teens aren't smart.

On abortion:

Students' strong stance against abortion surprised pollsters: Two-thirds said abortion is always or usually morally wrong. While 62 percent said the U.S. Supreme Court's 1973 Roe v. Wade ruling should be upheld, the majority of teens didn't support a woman's right to an abortion even if she is under 18, unmarried, poor or if the baby is likely to have serious birth defects.


On gay marriage:

About 75 percent of those polled favored legal recognition of same-sex relationships — roughly twice the rate of adults. Among Texas high school seniors, the figure was about 62 percent, Hamilton sociology professor Dennis Gilbert said.


On handgun control:

In other findings, about 90 percent of high school seniors would impose a five-day waiting period on purchases of handguns and mandatory registration.

I wish they would have asked about concealed carry. My guess is that they would allow that too.

Posted Monday January 23, 2006 | Catagory: (Politics) | Permalink
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Buy Your Wedding Dress at a Supermarket?
by Sandi

This is in the UK but a supermarket chain plans to have cheap formal wedding wear for both bride and groom by Valentine's Day.




From a supermarket? I think I'm going to be ill.

Posted Monday January 23, 2006 | Catagory: (Oddities) | Permalink
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The Fate of Mother Gaia
by Sandi
Source TCS Daily

James Lovelock thinks that most of the human race going to be killed off by global warming, leaving only a few breeding pair to survive in the Arctic.

James Lovelock, godfather of the “Gaia” theory that the Earth’s biosphere is a single living entity, has weighed in on the fate of mankind under the threat of global warming, as well as other environmental maladies. In a January 16 Independent article, Professor Lovelock wrote “Before this century is over, billions of us will die, and the few breeding pairs of people that survive will be in the Arctic where the climate remains tolerable."

Professor Lovelock views himself as more than just a scientist with a theory. He is Mother Earth’s physician: “My Gaia theory sees the Earth behaving as if it were alive, and clearly anything alive can enjoy good health, or suffer disease. Gaia has made me a planetary physician and I take my profession seriously, and now I, too, have to bring bad news.”

Forget it doc, we will take an asprin and call you in the next century.

What most people don't realize is that our technology is growing at an expotential rate (and then some) and we will have the energy and global warming issued solved long before this century is over.

Lovelock's original Independent Online article.

Posted Monday January 23, 2006 | Catagory: (Science & Technology) | Permalink
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Missouri Bill Pushes Warm Beer
by Sandi

This just isn't going to fly in a redneck state.

Under a bill by Sen. Bill Alter, grocery and convenience stores would risk losing their liquor licenses if they sold beer colder than 60 degrees. The intent is to cut down on drunken driving by making it less tempting to pop open a beer after leaving the store.

"The only reason why beer would need to be cold is so that it can be consumed right away," said Alter, who has been a police officer for more than 20 years.

Baloney. Beer would also need to be cold if you were having a picnic a short distance away. Or if you have houseguests and find yourself out of beer you do not want to make them wait until it is chilled. I'm sure there are any number of other ligitimate reasons.

Sen Bill Alter is Stooopid!

Posted Friday January 20, 2006 | Catagory: (Stupid Should Hurt) | Permalink
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Public Service Or Extrotion
by Sandi

The Center for Science in the Public Interest (note the mix of science and politics in the name), said on Wednesday it would sue Kellogg cereal company if they don't change marketing aimed at children.

But, the Center added, if its demands were not met, a lawsuit would be filed asking a Massachusetts court to stop the companies from marketing junk foods in venues where 15 percent or more of the audience is under age 8, and to stop promoting junk foods through Web sites, toy giveaways, contests and other techniques aimed at that age group.

Last I heard it was the parents job to determine what children eat and are exposed to, not this so-called "Science in the Public Interest" group, but I digress.

Update: Also a group of consumer advocates are also threatening to sue Pepsi for selling sugary soft drinks in schools. Ah what would we do without the pleasure police to keep us wholesome.

Posted Friday January 20, 2006 | Catagory: (Stupid Should Hurt) | Permalink
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Age Busting Gene
by Sandi

You can stop looking for the fountain of youth. There may be a gene inside of us that prolongs our lifespan.

Posted Friday January 20, 2006 | Catagory: (Science & Technology) | Permalink
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Medical Breakthrough - Strep Vaccine
by Sandi

Strep throat with the fever, headache and the aches that go with it may soon be preventable with a vaccine. Great news for northern state parents were it is one of the most common reasons that children see their pediatricians.

Posted Wednesday January 18, 2006 | Catagory: (Health/Medicine) | Permalink
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Another Scientist Fakes Study
by Sandi

How do outstanding and respected scientists get to the point where they are compelled to do research with claims so fraudulent that they end up trashing their reputations and careers? This is at least the fourth one in the last month that I am aware of, but undoubtly the worst. Or at least the most blatent unfounded.

This time it is respected cancer scientist Jon Sudboe at the Norwegian Radium Hospital who faked an entire oral cancer study.

Jon Sudboe, 44, invented more than 900 individuals as the basis for his research on the correlation between taking anti-inflammatory drugs, such as paracetamol, and oral cancer. The article, published in October, concluded individuals who took anti-inflammatory drugs were less likely to develop the disease.

"He faked everything: names, diagnosis, gender, weight, age, drug use," Stein Vaaler, director of strategy at Oslo's Radium hospital, said. "There is no real data whatsoever, just figures he made up himself. Every patient in this paper is a fake.

For someone well educated he wasn't even careful because 250 of 908 people in the supposed study had the same birthday. But that wasn't what caught him (although it probably would have eventually). It was noticed that Dr Sudboe claimed to have gathered some of his information from a national database that wasn't even opened until after the time he claimed his study was carried out.

Posted Monday January 16, 2006 | Catagory: (Stupid Should Hurt) | Permalink
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Senseless Beating Caught on Tape
by Sandi

This is just too horrific. I cannot recall ever hearing about anything so senseless as beating several homeless people with a baseball bat or club just for kicks. One of them was beaten to death.

Townhall has the story.

It's obvious from the discusting video that has been shown on TV several times that these sleazy idiots were enjoying themselves.

This is one of those times that the death penalty definately applies and I don't give a rats ass if they are under 18.

Posted Sunday January 15, 2006 | Catagory: (Crime) | Permalink
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First Quantum Microchip Created
by Sandi
Source Wired News

Computer technology in the future will move forward in such a way that will make todays desktop PCs by comparison look inferior to the TRS-80 of the 70s. Behind this leap is quantum technology. Google up "quantum dots," "quantum wells," or quantum computing" but be prepared to do some deep technical reading. Quantum gates are measured on the nanoscale. A nanometer being .000001 of a millimeter, or about 50 atoms thick.

A quantum dot (or well) confines its electrons in all three dimensions causing them to act as though they were part of an atom. What is really wild about this artificial atom is that by affecting it with an external charge it can be made to resemble any atom on the periodic table (and I think some that are not), but that is a subject for another post. It was just too wild a scientific claim not to mention it here.

Nano size isn't the only thing that will make this sort of computing faster. In understanding quantum computing you will have to learn about something called the qbit (not cubit). Unlike binary computing where we can only have two states represented as a 0 or a 1, a qbit can be either a 0, a 1 or both. And while a qbit can only decohere into one of two states (0 or 1), 5 qbits together can colapse into 32 different states. But before the colapse these 5 qbits can literally store and perform computations on all 32 states. That would take a binary computer 32 sets of 5, or 160 total bits.

Anyway the first quantum microchip has been created by University of Michigan scientists.

So, on a semiconductor chip roughly the size of a postage stamp, the Michigan scientists designed and built a device known as an ion trap, which allowed them to isolate individual charged atoms and manipulate their quantum states.

An ion expresses a positive or negative charge, depending on whether its parent atom has a missing or an extra electron. And ions are the preferred building blocks for a quantum system...

To isolate an ion, scientists confine it in the ion trap while applying electric fields. Laser light manipulates the spin of the ion's free electron to flip it between quantum states.

The spin of the electron dictates the value of the quantum bit, or "qubit." For example, an up-spin can represent a one, or a down-spin can represent a zero — or the qubit can occupy both states simultaneously.

This enigmatic feature of quantum mechanics is what gives the qubit a powerful advantage over the binary digit of classical computing. Known as quantum superposition, the ability of the qubit to occupy two quantum states at once means that it can execute computations at an exponentially faster rate. Each time a qubit is added to a quantum system, its computing power doubles.

The new chip, which is made of gallium arsenide, should be easily scaled and mass-produced, because it's made using microlithography — the same process that makes microchips.

Scientists can grow the chip using multiple one-atom-thick layers in a process called molecular beam epitaxy.

Each time a qbit is added the power doubles. Remember the classic penney a day wage doubled every day for a month? Yeah over $10,000,000 after working a 31 day month. Well that puts more into perspective the power of just adding 32qbits of computing power.

Here is another example from "Hacking Matter" (downloadable) by Wil McCarthy.

Codebreakers are one example: they're constantly searching for numerical "keys" to unlock encrypted messages, but the number of possible values for the hey is 2N, or two raised to the power of the number of bits. To solve a secure 64-bit encryption key for today's Digital Encryption Standard (DES), a Pentium-class digital computer pulling two billion calculations per second (2 gigaflop) woud requaire 264 or 1.84X1019 operations, or 292.5 years. By contrast, a 64qbit quantum computer could solve for that same key in a single operation. Somewhat interesting, yes.

Don't run out next week or even next year looking for a quantum computer, but the fact that UM scientists have created a quantum chip moves us from theory to reality. It will be many years before we see a quantum desktop PC. It is more realistic to believe that when quantum technology does come to the PC it will be a silicon binary - quantum hybrid.

To learn more about quantum components and programable atoms see the Hacking Matter link above. Computing is only one of the many feasable applications for this seemingly magical new technology on the nano scale.
Posted Friday January 13, 2006 | Catagory: (Science & Technology) | Permalink
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Dwarf galaxy found merging into the Milky Way
by Sandi

Wow. This is awesome.

A huge but very faint structure, containing hundreds of thousands of stars spread over an area nearly 5,000 times the size of a full moon, has been discovered and mapped by astronomers of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-II).

At an estimated distance of 30,000 light years (10 kiloparsecs) from Earth, the structure lies well within the confines of the Milky Way Galaxy. However, it does not follow any of Milky Way's three main components: a flattened disk of stars in which the sun resides, a bulge of stars at the center of the Galaxy and an extended, roughly spherical, stellar halo. Instead, the researchers believe that the most likely interpretation of the new structure is a dwarf galaxy that is merging into the Milky Way.

Via KurzweilAI.net
Posted Thursday January 12, 2006 | Catagory: (Science & Technology) | Permalink
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