Note: Tabs under contruction - some not active.

AI Isn't Childs Play
by Sandi
 
This Science Daily article seems to agree to a small degree.

For several decades many AI researchers have told us that artificial intelligence is around the corner, with the dream to put a robot in every home. Do our menial and dirty jobs for us, while waiting on us hand and foot. I have had a few discussion with Deans World readers on AI and am usually outnumbered. But it seems to me that the goal posts on the definition of AI keep getting moved until a wristwatch or hand calculator qualify as AI.

We see all kinds of robot projects with the goal to mimic human behavior. IBM's Deep Blue is certainly impressive defeating world Chess champion Garry Kasparov in 1997. But Deep Blue is a computer program and database that harbors no intelligence artificial or otherwise. It only follows preprogrammed instructions on how to make the next move. It does not ponder a move nor do a wit of thinking.

True AI would be something like Arthur C. Clarke's HAL9000 in Space Odyssey. I don't doubt that real AI is possible and I'm sure some day we will see it, but I've seen little substantiative progress in the last couple of decades.


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Honda's Asimo Robot can run, jump up and down, climb up and down stairs and other impressive feats as this short clip shows. But he has no rudimentary intelligence of his own. The intelligence is in the expert programming. The life-like appearance due to mechanical expertise combined with programming to give canned life-like appearances. In the clip the robot stopped and looked at himself in the mirror, stopped and admired another robot on display simply because the programmers programmed to do so. He had no curiosity nor inner compulsion to do it on his own. Heck he has no thought process to know what he is looking at.

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Developers of iCub robots want to develop leaning the way children do. By developing ability to understand and interact with their surrounding world through experiences. Six projects across Europe are working on six different aspect of the learning process.

The six projects include one from Imperial College London that will explore how ‘mirror neurons’ found in the human brain can be translated into a digital application. ‘Mirror neurons’, discovered in the early 1990s, trigger memories of previous experiences when humans are trying to understand the physical actions of others. A separate team at UPF Barcelona will also work on iCub’s ‘cognitive architecture’.

At the same time, a team headquartered at UPMC in Paris will explore the dynamics needed to achieve full body control for iCub. Meanwhile, researchers at TUM Munich will work on the development of iCub’s manipulation skills. A project team from the University of Lyons will explore internal simulation techniques – something our brains do when planning actions or trying to understand the actions of others.

Over in Turkey, a team based at METU in Ankara will focus almost exclusively on language acquisition and the iCub’s ability to link objects with verbal utterances.

This whole project causes my eyes to roll. I've a feeling that they will learn little if anything about AI. Like Honda's Asimo and Sony's Quro this project will, in the end, be a project to see how closely human behavior can be mimicked.

The cart is before the horse here. We won't learn about, and produce AI (which again I think is entirely possible) by making robots that act like humans. We are getting closer to reverse engineering the human brain. That is the direction AI needs to pursue. When we understand intelligence and what it is, then, and only then will be have the foundation to build machines and robots with artificial intelligence. We are making robots with the ability to move like humans. Rudimentary abilities to classify objects and recall them (although without thought). But no amount of classifying their surroundings and recalling them will be more than a database: one without curiosity or intelligence.

First lean precisely what intelligence is, then apply it to machine systems. When that happens AI will truly be "Child's Play."

Posted Tuesday April 29, 2008 | Catagory: (Science & Technology) | Permalink
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Doomsday Fears Spark Lawsuit
by Sandi
Post Source: MSNBC

Globe-gobbling Black Holes?

The builders of the world's biggest particle collider are being sued in federal court over fears that the experiment might create globe-gobbling black holes or never-before-seen strains of matter that would destroy the planet.

Representatives at Fermilab in Illinois and at Europe's CERN laboratory, two of the defendants in the case, say there's no chance that the Large Hadron Collider would cause such cosmic catastrophes. Nevertheless, they're bracing to defend themselves in the courtroom as well as the court of public opinion.

The Large Hadron Collider, or LHC, is due for startup later this year at CERN's headquarters on the French-Swiss border. It's expected to tackle some of the deepest questions in science: Is the foundation of modern physics right or wrong? What existed during the very first moment of the universe's existence? Why do some particles have mass while others don't? What is the nature of dark matter? Are there extra dimensions of space out there that we haven't yet detected?

Legitimate worry, or more political driven science? I think the latter. Anything that man can create isn't new, but unknown. If it could happen, I think that it would happen in nature without man's interference.

Posted Friday April 4, 2008 | Catagory: (Science & Technology) | Permalink
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Don't Eat the Snow.... Even If It's Not Yellow
by Sandi
Post Source: Yahoo News

Most snowflakes are armed with a surprise before they ever fall to the earth. Normally for a snowflake to form the moisture needs a so-called nucleator to cling to. More often rather than a particle of dust or other matter these nucleators are bacteria.

"Bacteria are by far the most active ice nuclei in nature," said Brent C. Christner, an assistant professor of biological sciences at Louisiana State University.

Christner and colleagues sampled snow from Antarctica, France, Montana and the Yukon and they report their findings in Friday's edition of the journal Science.

In some samples as much as 85 percent of the nuclei were bacteria, Christner said in a telephone interview. The bacteria were most common in France, followed by Montana and the Yukon, and was even present to a lesser degree in Antarctica.

The most common bacteria found was Pseudomonas syringae, which can cause disease in several types of plants including tomatoes and beans.

The study found it in 20 samples of snow from around the world and subsequent research has also found it in summer rainfall in Louisiana.

Fortunately the bacteria appear to be more harmful to plants than people, but it isn't known whether getting rid of the bacteria would decrease precipitation amounts. There's more to read, click the link above.

Posted Friday February 29, 2008 | Catagory: (Science & Technology) | Permalink
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Death of the Fathers?
by Sandi

Cutting men out of the picture? Say it isn't so!

British scientists are ready to turn female bone marrow into sperm, cutting men out of the process of creating life.

The breakthrough paves the way for lesbian couples to have children that are biologically their own.

Not so fast, it works both ways.


Gay men could follow suit by using the technique to make eggs from male bone marrow.

Well not quite. They still need a female surrogate mothers womb.


Other caveats.

There are also fears that children born from artificial eggs and sperm will suffer severe health problems, like the mice in the Newcastle experiments.

Couples who have children from artificial sperm created from women would be able to have girls only. This is because the female sperm would lack the Y-chromosome needed for boys.

Robin Lovell-Badge, of the National Institute for Medical Research in London, said the creation of female sperm is at least a decade away.

Josephine Quintavalle, of Comment on Reproductive Ethics, a campaign group, said: "We are looking at absurd solutions to very obscure situations and not addressing the main issue. Nobody is interested in looking at what is causing infertility - social reasons such as obesity, smoking and age.

Via Kurzweil.AI

Posted Saturday February 2, 2008 | Catagory: (Science & Technology) | Permalink
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Will The Virgin Galactic 2 Lift Off?
by Sandi
 
Well I sure hope so and without the tragically fatal explosion that killed three people the last time. While interested in space technology and what's going on, I've no interest in a trip to space myself.

Here is a clip that assess the problems of Virgin Galactic's space venture.




The competition: EADS Astrium, no stranger to space inovation, builder of satellites and satellite engines plans to start a one stage tourism system this year that will take people into space. Unlike Virgin Galactic this one stage system will take off and land from an airport. If started on schedule, the first commercial flight would be possible by 2012. However Virgin Galactic has a few years head start on Astrium.

Via Dean's World

Posted Thursday January 31, 2008 | Catagory: (Science & Technology) | Permalink
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A True Internet Telescope
by Sandi
Post Source: Wired News

Forget megapixels, how about 3 billion pixels (I guess that would be 3000 mexapixels).

Bill Gates and ex-Microsoft executive Charles Simonyi have donated a combined $30 million to the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope, which will feature the largest digital camera ever constructed. Scientists say it will provide a "color movie" of the universe.

The donation will go partly to the construction of LSST's three giant mirrors, which will enable it to survey more of the sky faster than any other telescope. With its three-billion pixel camera, the telescope will produce 30 terabytes of images that will be immediately available to the public online.

"LSST is truly an internet telescope, which will put terabytes of data each night into the hands of anyone that wants to explore it," said Gates, who donated $10 million to the project. "The 8.4 meter LSST telescope (is) the ultimate network peripheral device to explore the universe."

Gates and Simonyi join Google as major tech industry backers of the LSST. The telescope is a showcase for demonstrating how computing power can enable scientific advances. By using three mirrors instead of two, the telescope will image more than 50 times the amount of sky as other telescopes. Its speed and wide field will allow scientists to constantly scan the sky, turning out time-lapse movies of the dynamic universe surrounding us. The ability to quickly detect changes in the sky will help scientists spot asteroids, like the one that might strike Mars this month, which scientists fear could also hit Earth with disastrous consequences.

But it won't be only heavyweight physicists who can explore the telescope's unprecedented abilities. The open-source nature of the project means that amateur astronomers will be able to harness one of the most remarkable datasets in the world, looking for comets, asteroids, supernovae and other phenomena.

The article goes on to say that Google will be mapping the universe as they now map the Earth. The downside is that it isn't scheduled for completion until 2014.

I may even still be around.

Via KurzweilAI

Posted Saturday January 5, 2008 | Catagory: (Science & Technology) | Permalink
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Servers Run Like a Beehive Run Sweetly
by Sandi
Post Source: Physorg.com

Sometimes the simplest solution is the best solution. A couple of System Engineers noted that bees and servers had similar barriers to efficiency.

After studying the efficiency of honeybees, Craig Tovey, a professor in the H. Milton Stewart School of Industrial and Systems Engineering at Georgia Tech, realized through conversations with Sunil Nakrani, a computer science colleague visiting from the University of Oxford, that bees and servers had strikingly similar barriers to efficiency.

<...snip...>

Bees tackle their resource allocation problem (i.e. a limited number of bees and unpredictable demand on their time and desired location) with a seamless system driven by “dances.” Here’s how it works: The scout bees leave the hive in search of nectar. Once they’ve found a promising spot, they return to the hive “dance floor” and perform a dance. The direction of the dance tells the waiting forager bees which direction to fly, the number of waggle turns conveys the distance to the flower patch; and the length conveys the sweetness of the nectar.

The forager bees then dance behind the scouts until they learn the right steps (and the particulars about the nectar), forming a bobbing conga line of sorts. Then they fly out to collect the nectar detailed in the dance. As long as there’s still nectar to be found, the bees that return continue the dance. Other forager bees continue to fly toward the source until the dancing slowly tapers off or a new bee returns with a more appealing dance routine (Hey, the nectar over here is even better!).

<...snip...>

Internet servers, on the other hand, are theoretically optimized for “normal” conditions, which are frequently challenged by fickle human nature. By assigning certain servers to a certain Web site, Internet hosts are establishing a system that works well under normal conditions and poorly under conditions that strain demand. When demand for one site swells, many servers sit idly by as the assigned servers reach capacity and begin shifting potential users to a lengthening queue that tries their patience and turns away potential customers.

Tovey and Nakrani set to work translating the bee strategy for these idle Internet servers. They developed a virtual “dance floor” for a network of servers. When one server receives a user request for a certain Web site, an internal advertisement (standing in a little less colorfully for the dance) is placed on the dance floor to attract any available servers. The ad’s duration depends on the demand on the site and how much revenue its users may generate. The longer an ad remains on the dance floor, the more power available servers devote to serving the Web site requests advertised.

I wonder if bees would recognize a DOS attack?

Posted Monday November 19, 2007 | Catagory: (Science & Technology) | Permalink
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Google Destination Maps From the Gas Pump
by Sandi
Post Source: CNN

This is rather cool not to mention a boon for travelers.

As part of a partnership to be announced Wednesday, the online search leader will dispense driving directions at thousands of gasoline pumps across the country beginning early next month.

The pumps, made by Gilbarco Veeder-Root, include an Internet connection and will display Google's mapping service in color on a small screen.

Motorists will be able to scroll through several categories to find local landmarks, hotels, restaurants and hospitals selected by the gas station's owner. After the driver selects a destination, the pump will print out directions.


Posted Thursday November 8, 2007 | Catagory: (Science & Technology) | Permalink
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DARPA Third Annual Urban Challenge
by Sandi
 
The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) funds many technologies in their quest for new military might. One being this race by autonomous vehicles (no human control). The Department of Defense wants military supply vehicles which one day will drive themselves.

The DARPA third-annual "Urban Challenge" was held sunday at a ghost town in California. The vehicles traveled autonomously through traffic for six hours and 60 miles. An autonomous car or truck as defined by DARPA is: any vehicle that navigates and drives entirely on its own with no human driver and no remote control. Through the use of various sensors and positioning systems, the vehicle determines all the characteristics of its environment required to enable it to carry out the task it has been assigned.

This autonomous driving is by no means perfect yet but the progress so far is quite impressive. In spite of the vehicles having been well instrumented and programmed, the off-road part of the course can be perilous There is no lane or shoulder markings to verify that the vehicle on the road as the clip below shows. Still while traveling at a slow pace this SUV called "The Boss" makes it through without incident.

In the Dirt


The NQE testing on these autonomous vehicles include: Ability to handle situations at four-way stops by determining which vehicles at the intersection have precedence and then taking its turn. Ability handle cross traffic and oncoming traffic and to make safe left turns across moving traffic. Find gaps and choose opportunities to enter and cross traffic.

More information about this years winner, "The Boss," and several clips at Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA.

Posted Tuesday November 6, 2007 | Catagory: (Science & Technology) | Permalink
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Moon Race Back On
by Sandi
 
With the US and NASA concentrating on Mars and moons of other planets, I thought interest in the moon was waning.

Apparently not
.

Japan flagged off the Asian lunar race on September 14 when it successfully launched its first lunar orbiter. China plans to launch its own moon probe before the end of the year, followed by India in the first half of 2008.

"We want to investigate the moon, to know more about the whole of the moon," Keiji Tachikawa, president of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, said in this southern Indian city.

JAXA, as the agency is known, will carry out more robotic missions before a landing and astronaut on the moon, said Tachikawa in a brief interview Monday.

Missions to the moon and to Mars and international cooperation top the agenda of a five-day global conference in Hyderabad that brought together 2,000 space professionals, including scientists, astronomers and astronauts.

"There is a great revival of interest in exploring various planets," said Sun Laiyan, head of the China National Space Administration.

Via Kurzweil.AI

Posted Wednesday September 26, 2007 | Catagory: (Science & Technology) | Permalink
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